Eldhraun, meaning "Fire Lava," is one of Iceland's most remarkable and expansive lava fields, located in the south of the country. This vast lava field was formed during the devastating Laki volcano eruption of 1783-1784, one of the largest volcanic eruptions in recorded history. The eruption lasted for eight months, covering an area of over 565 square kilometers (218 square miles) with thick lava and leading to significant environmental and climatic changes across Europe.
Today, Eldhraun is covered in a thick blanket of soft, green moss, creating a surreal and otherworldly landscape that contrasts sharply with the dark, jagged lava beneath. This moss-covered lava field is a popular stop for photographers and nature lovers, offering a unique glimpse into the raw power of Iceland's volcanic activity and the ability of nature to reclaim even the harshest environments.
Walking through Eldhraun feels like stepping onto another planet, with the undulating lava formations and lush moss creating an eerie yet tranquil atmosphere. The field is easily accessible from the Ring Road, making it a must-see for those exploring Iceland’s South Coast.
Basic Facts About Eldhraun Lava Field
- Size: The Eldhraun Lava Field spans approximately 565 square kilometers, making it one of the largest lava fields in the world.
- Thickness: The lava field is up to 12 meters (39 feet) thick in some places.
- Formation: It was formed during the Skaftáreldar eruption, which lasted from 1783 to 1784 as part of the Laki volcanic system. This eruption devastated the region and had significant global climate impacts.
- Special Feature: The thick moss covering the lava field is its defining feature and takes decades to form, creating a green carpet over the volcanic landscape.
Can You Walk on Eldhraun?
Yes, walking on Eldhraun is allowed, but visitors are encouraged to stay on marked paths to avoid damaging the delicate moss, which can take decades to recover, and takes about a hundred years to grow in the first place.
The area gained international fame when Justin Bieber featured it in his music video for "I’ll Show You." Unfortunately, the moss was trampled during shooting which environmental scientists heavily criticized due to the damages made to the moss. So, please exercise caution with this delicate moss blanket.
History of Eldhraun Lava Field
The Eldhraun Lava Field was formed by the Skaftáreldar eruption, a cataclysmic event that released vast amounts of lava and toxic gases. This eruption was part of the Laki fissure, a volcanic system stretching across Iceland. The eruption had serious consequences not just for Iceland but also for Europe, causing famine, crop failures, and climate disruptions. Despite its destructive origin, Eldhraun has since transformed into a tranquil, moss-covered landscape that attracts visitors from around the world.
Eldhraun Lava Field Location
Eldhraun is located in South Iceland, between Vík and Kirkjubæjarklaustur, making it a convenient stop for those traveling along Route 1 (the Ring Road). The lava field is easily accessible from the main road.
- Coordinates: 63°44'45.2"N 18°09'39.7"W
How to Get to Eldhraun?
To reach Eldhraun Lava Field from Reykjavík, take Route 1 (Ring Road) southeast toward Kirkjubæjarklaustur. The drive takes approximately 3.5 hours (260 km/161 mi). As you approach Kirkjubæjarklaustur, follow the signs to Eldhraun. Parking is available at designated viewpoints.
Moss of the Eldhraun Lava Field
One of the most unearthly landscapes in Iceland is this heavy cover of Woolly Fringe Moss (Racomitrium lanuginosum) of the Eldhraun Lava Field. This moss, which only just covers the jagged volcanic terrain, plays the lead role in creating a dreamlike and extraterrestrial appearance in the lava field of Eldhraun.
Oddly enough, the important things making the Woolly Fringe Moss so very special are that it grows extremely slowly and is very fragile. In fact, it takes as long as a century or more for this moss to get fully established on these harsh lava rocks, since its growth is based upon this very delicate combination of moisture and cool temperatures. Damaged by walking, driving, or even touching, it takes decades to recover, if ever. This is especially so, as the moss is sensitive, with its spongy structure that retains water in it, which helps nourish the surrounding ecosystem.
This therefore tells of the importance that should be provided to Eldhraun by any visitor. It is significant to ensure that it is not stepped on, and in no other way damaged. In respect of this, some designated paths have been provided to help in its protection while enabling travelers to take a look at the scenery responsibly. The moss is bright green in color and very striking against the black lava rock, particularly after rain.
A Short Walk in the Moss
Visitors can enjoy a short, peaceful walk along a marked path through the moss-covered landscape, leading to a look-out point. This walk is about 1 kilometer (0.6 miles) long and takes roughly 20-30 minutes. Walking on this path provides an immersive experience in this otherworldly environment while it also helps protect the moss and its delicate ecosystem. You’ll find the path next to Eldhraun car park along with an information board.
What to Expect at Eldhraun
Eldhraun offers visitors a tranquil and awe-inspiring experience, with its vast expanse of moss-covered lava stretching as far as the eye can see. A designated parking area near the viewpoints makes it easy for visitors to access the walking paths, with free parking available for both cars and tour buses. Although there are no major facilities directly at Eldhraun, nearby towns like Kirkjubæjarklaustur provide restaurants, restrooms, and accommodations for travelers.
The viewpoint, located next to the car park, features an information board and offers a fantastic spot for photos, especially during sunset or in the winter months when the landscape is often blanketed with snow, creating a frosty and magical atmosphere. Winter visits to Eldhraun add an enchanting touch, with the vibrant green moss peeking through layers of snow.
Surrounding Attractions
After exploring Eldhraun, visitors can explore nearby attractions, including:
- Fjaðrárgljúfur Canyon: A 15-minute drive from Eldhraun, this 100-meter deep canyon offers hiking trails with panoramic views.
- Kirkjugólf (The Church Floor): A 20-minute drive away, this natural basalt formation looks like a man-made stone floor.
- Skaftafell Nature Reserve: An hour east of Eldhraun, this park offers hiking trails to Svartifoss Waterfall and Skaftafellsjökull Glacier.
- Jökulsárlón Glacier Lagoon: A 1.5 - 2 hour drive from Eldhraun, this glacier lagoon is filled with floating icebergs, offering boat tours and stunning views.